硫酸钙人工骨复合培养骨髓间充质干细胞对骨诱导脊柱融合的影响

BACKGROUND: Biodegrable calcium sulfate artificial bone has a good biocompatibility, so it is used as a bone graft substitute in the treatment of spinal fusion. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the osteoinductive effects of the tissue-engineered bone made of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and calcium sulfate artificial bone in spinal fusion. METHODS: Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were cultured in vitro, and then combined with the calcium sulfate artificial bone. The composite material was observed under electron microscope. Totally 67 patients undergoing spinal fusion were enrolled, who were divided into control group (n=35) and observation group (n=32), receiving autologous iliac bone graft and autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells combined with calcium sulfate transplantation, respectively. Subsequently, spinal fusion Lenke classification and low back outcome score were conducted. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Under electron microscope, the visible calcium sulfate artificial bone presented a good porous structure, on which bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells grew and adhered well. Slightly but insignificantly better outcomes in the spinal fusion through the use of the Lenke classification system were obtained in the observation group than the control group after surgery (P > 0.05). Besides, scores on low back outcomes in both two groups were significantly higher than baseline data (P < 0.05). These results suggest that the tissue-engineered bone made of calcium sulfate artificial bone as the scaffold and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells as seed cells can exert a good osteoinduction in spinal fusion, and obtain ideal effects.     

硫酸软骨素酶ABC及Nogo-66受体拮抗剂联合鼠胚神经干细胞移植对大鼠脊髓损伤的影响

目的:研究硫酸软骨素酶ABC(chondroitinase ABC,Ch ABC)、Nogo-66受体拮抗剂[Nogo-66(1-40)antagonist peptide,NEP1-40]及鼠胚神经干细胞(neural stem cells,NSCs)联合移植对大鼠损伤脊髓功能恢复的影响。方法:体外应用全反式维甲酸(all-trans-retinoic acid,ATRA)(浓度1.0μmol/L)诱导NSCs(前期实验分离、培养并冻存的鼠胚NSCs),诱导后鉴定NSCs特异性标志物,移植前通过5-溴脱氧尿嘧啶核苷(5-Bromo-2-deoxy Uridine,Brdu)标记NSCs。将60只SD大鼠随机分为假手术组(A组,n=10)、损伤对照组(B组,n=10)、NSCs治疗组(C组,n=10)、NSCs联合Ch ABC治疗组(D组,n=10)、NSCs联合NEP1-40治疗组(E组,n=10)、NSCs联合Ch ABC和NEP1-40治疗组(F组,n=10)。移植前分别对B、C、D、E及F组的大鼠制作胸段脊髓全横断损伤模型。术后3d,E和F组经留置的导管注入NEP1-40 20μl/d,连续28d;术后8d,C、D、E及F组经留置导管注入经ATRA干预和Brd U标记的NSCs 10μl;术后8d,D组和F组经留置导管注入Ch ABC 10μl/d,连续7d;各时间点通过留置导管注入生理盐水保持各组移植液等量。术前及术后不同时间点,用BBB评分和体感诱发电位(somatosensory evoked potentials,SEP)潜伏期对大鼠后肢神经功能进行评价。移植后8周通过HE染色观察损伤脊髓组织情况,免疫荧光染色观察移植NSCs存活、神经元分化及轴突生长情况。结果:体外应用1.0μmol/L的ATRA诱导NSCs培养,可提高NSCs向神经元分化的比例。移植后2周开始各组大鼠BBB评分、SEP潜伏期开始观察到改善,移植治疗各组均优于损伤对照组,组间BBB评分和SEP潜伏期有差异(P0.05);移植后2周、5周、8周各时间点,B组与C、D、E及F组比较,BBB评分和SEP潜伏期较差(P0.05);在移植治疗各组中,F组神经功能的恢复最明显,F组与C、D及E组比较具有较高的BBB评分和较短SEP潜伏期(P0.05)。移植后8周,HE染色显示:A组细胞结构完整、排列规则;B组组织结构严重破坏,细胞排列紊乱,见大量较大的囊腔及胶质瘢痕形成;C、D、E及F组细胞增生明显,囊腔较少。免疫荧光染色显示:C、D、E及F组内可见橘红色Brdu标记阳性细胞,F组阳性细胞数多于C、D和E组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。C、D、E、F组微管相关蛋白-2(microtubule-associated protein 2,MAP-2)标记阳性细胞数多于B组,F组多于C、D、E组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);C、D、E、F组MAP-2标记阳性细胞面积大于B组,F组大于C、D、E组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:ATRA诱导后NSCs移植可促进大鼠脊髓损伤功能的恢复,且联合Ch ABC和NEP1-40移植对损伤脊髓功能的恢复具有协同促进作用。